Frazil ice forming in a lead.

 

 

 

The pancake cycle

 

 

Frazil ice formation in open water

 

Frazil ice crystals rocked by swells begin to glom into pancakes

Swell further gloms pancakes and rafts them ontop of each other

 

As more and more rafting occurs, more and more frazil ice is formed in open water, until pancakes have been rafted to maximum thickness (0.4- 0.6 m on average)from wave energy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Frazil Ice Crystal fully grown into dendritic shape with original sphere of nucleation still visible at center

See References

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