College of Science, Engineering and
Mathematics

Atmospheric Science Group

Geophysical Institute

University of Alaska
Fairbanks

ATM F413/ATM F613 - Atmospheric Radiation

Course: ATM F413/ATM F613 - Atmospheric Radiation, Spring 2004,
Tuesday and Thursday, 3:40 p.m. - 5:40 p.m., International Arctic Research Center (IARC), Room 407

Instructor: Gerhard Kramm
Office Hours: Monday 4:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m., Friday 3:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.
Office: IARC, Room 318
Telephone: 474-5992
Email: kramm@gi.alaska.edu
URL: http://www.gi.alaska.edu/~kramm/syllabus_ar.html
Blackboard: enabled


Course Description: According to the Degree Requirements and the Graduate Plan of the Atmospheric Science Program at UAF, Atmospheric Radiation is a core class that is mandatory for all Atmospheric Science graduate students. This course mainly comprises the governing laws of blackbody radiation as well as absorption line formation, the radiative transfer equation applied to the earth's atmosphere, the sun as a source of radiation including orbital geometry, solar spectrum and solar constant, atmospheric composition and absorption of solar radiation by water vapor and trace constituents including photochemical processes, molecular (Rayleigh) and aerosol (Mie) scattering as well as radiative properties of clouds, absorption and emission of thermal radiation by water vapor and trace constituents, interrelation between radiation and climate, and an introduction to remote sensing based on the principles of radiative transfer including atmospheric spectroscopy and spectral channels for atmospheric and remote sensing from space.

Prerequisite/co-requisite:


Suggested readings/textbooks: The choice of the textbook depends on you and what type of book you feel comfortably with. I highly recommend to make use of the excellent libraries on campus and work with several books as you need them. The textbooks that provide good material on Atmospheric Radiation are:

Another textbook that is useful in satellite meteorological applications is: I will give a brief evaluation of these textbooks in the very first class. It is not required that you buy them both or at all. As both books are available at the bookstore and in the library you can have a look at them and decide whether your individual style of repeating and learning goes better with the one or the other book. It is recommended to have a look at other books not only occasionally. You also should read other printed material, copies, electronics as assigned. I will put some memos on blackboard in the internet after a topic is finished. I expect you to download them from the web and to read them. They are not intended to substitute a textbook. The memos are only to give you an aid what I think were the important issues of the last topic. The memos will not be available before a chapter is finished as paging in the memos distracts you or your classmates. Moreover, posting the memo after finishing a chapter allows me to add special information on questions that may occur in class. Note that you will require an aurora account to be able to login on blackboard. It is the student's responsibility to apply for an aurora account because of the UAF policy on application for aurora accounts. Thus, make sure that you get the account from DCCL (Bunnel building), at least, in the first week of classes. Send me an e-mail from that account so that I can verify the email address, enroll you into the Atmospheric Radiation blackboard, and set up your account on blackboard. It is also UAF policy not to allow other than UAF accounts for blackboard.


Course objective: At the end of the semester you should be able to understand typical questions in Atmospheric Radiation and put them into equations. You should be able to solve fundamental problems related to Atmospheric Radiation and its role playing in the thermodynamics and dynamics of the atmosphere, in particular of the troposphere and the stratosphere. Fundamental goals are that you develop skills to think as an Atmospheric Scientist and that you learn higher order thinking. This includes application of learnt material to totally different problems or putting learnt material together to solve a problem.


General Information:

Attendance: You should attend class regularly and use a text book of your choice related to Atmospheric Radiation. Attendance during the in-class exercises is required and will be a part of your grade in this course. Excused absences are absences arranged and approved in advance or absences due to a documented emergency. Such documentation must be made immediately upon the student's return to class. Please understand that this is a college course - you are expected to be on time for class and have all the required material unpacked. A lateness or late unpacking disturbs the course and is unfair to your classmates.

Homework: Homework is due at the start of class on Tuesdays. These contributions are expected to be thorough and complete, reflecting the thoughts that you have put into your tasks. No late homework will be accepted except of proven emergency or sickness. It is the student's responsibility to deliver the homework in time. I strongly suggest that you plan and schedule your work early (and not wait until the last minute). I also recommend having backup systems in place so you can have all work completed on schedule. Getting work done on time is a key to early success

In-class exercises: These exercises will often involve group work. They are an important part of your grade for this course to develop your ability to solve scientific tasks, to improve your understanding by applying the material you learnt in class, and they are a preparation for the examinations.

In-class presentations: You must always be able to present the tasks that you provided as homework in front of the class. This means that you will not be told in advance when you will be the person who presents the homework in front of the class. If you are not able to explain and reproduce the homework you provided, the points given for the respective part of the homework will be deducted. If you co-work in groups, any member of the group must be able to calculate the homework at the board in class. It is the student's responsibility to be aware of and to be prepared for each assigned task when it is due. You are expected to calculate in front of the class at least one time per semester. Give the person who is speaking your undivided attention. It is not only common courtesy, but whispering or talking can distract, annoy, and even intimidate students around you as well as myself. Generally, you should treat classmates as you would like, and expect, to be treated yourself.

Examinations: It is the students responsibility to find out when and where the examinations will take place and to be there in time. Only in case of emergency I will allow you to start later on the examination. As there are usually other examinations in the classroom later than your own examination the classroom has to be free in time. This means that I cannot give a prolongation if you come too late for whatever reasons.

Difference between ATM F413 and ATM F613: There is no difference between the grading of homework and examinations as the material you have to learn and you will be taught is the same. However, there will be tasks that are especially designed for graduate students and indicated as such. These assignments are only to be provided by the graduate students. These tasks will require skills that undergraduate students usually do not have yet (e.g., programming), i.e. it is ensured that undergraduates do not have a disadvantage in the examinations by not having done these "graduate students tasks". Since undergraduate students have less experience in presenting, a "clumsy" presentation of homework at the board will not automatically lead to a deduction of points for undergraduate students unless they give the impression that a bad presentation results from copying other students' homework.

Additional policies: All kinds of weapons will not be allowed in class. Due dates are firm, with the exceptions mentioned above as well as documented emergencies. If you have a disability and require any auxiliary aids, services or accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act, please contact me after class, see me in the my office, or call me during the first week of the semester to be able to define specific accommodation needs and have enough time for any necessary planning or preparation. If you have any kind of a physical or learning disability you must tell me about it. All disabilities are documented by UAF's Center for Health & Counseling and instructors receive a formal letter requesting that accommodation are made following student with disabilities. Any student who is an UAF sponsored athletic or who has other personal or situational difficulty that might affect class performance is invited to contact me in the first week of the semester (or as soon as such matters emerge) so that ways of accommodating the difficulty may be anticipated.


Grading Policy: This is a success-oriented course. My aim is for all students to meet their individual learning and grade goals. This does not mean, of course, that you can avoid working hard. Instead it means that (1) all students who do well in the in-class exercises, homework, and examinations will be rewarded accordingly and (2) the grade distribution will not be adjusted to make sure it fits a bell-shaped curve. I expect that (1) you aim to give your personal best in the course, and (2) use in-class exercises, homework, and examinations as an opportunity to demonstrate your understanding of the material. Each of you enters the course as an average student, i.e. with a "C" grade and proceeds to work from there. To obtain an "A" grade you will need to produce work that far exceeds my normal expectations. My normal expectations are regularly attending the classes, hard work evidence of time spent with the material and an ability to demonstrate understanding of all concepts.

Grading for ATM F413/ATM F613 will be on a curve and will follow UAF guidelines included in the following table:

GRADE UAF GUIDELINES
A An honor grade indicates originality and independent work, a thorough mastery of the subject, and the satisfactory completion of more work than is regularly required.
B Indicates outstanding ability above the average level of performance.
C Indicates a satisfactory or average level of performance.
D The lowest passing grade indicates work of below average quality and performance.
F Indicates failure to meet lowest standards.

The grade will be made up to equal parts by homework and in class presentations on one hand side and the examinations on the other. This means that it is impossible to receive a grade with having 100 % of the points obtained from homework and zero points from the examinations. To obtain a "C" 50 % of the points achievable from homework and 50 % achievable in the examinations must be obtained. You must not pass both examinations with 50 % of the points. You can put points from the first examination to the final by 50 %. This means that if you pass the first examination with 75 % of the points receivable you can put 12.5 % of the points to the final examination or if you do not achieve the 50 % in the first examination you can work harder to make up 50 % in the sum of the two examinations taking the reduction into account. The grade distribution for both examinations and homework is as follows:

GRADE PERCENTAGE OF ALL AVAILABLE POINTS
A 90 - 100%
B 70 - 89%
C 50 - 69%
D 30 - 49%
F less than 30 %

Grades of "incomplete" will be given only in cases where an extraordinary, exceptional reason, submitted in writing by the student and judged valid by the faculty is provided.


Spring 2004 Schedule: I will distribute a tentative schedule for the entire semester. Learning is an interactive process and each class is individual. Even though I put a lot of thought into the sequence of topics, this schedule is tentative by purpose and subject to change as necessary due to availability of support materials, adaptation to specific needs of the class, etc. The schedule for this class will remain an on-going construction in light of what is accomplished in each class meeting. Since this course will be attended by both undergraduate and graduate students, it might be unavoidable to insert additional subjects or to explain subjects in more detail because of the different levels of the students. Departures from the schedule, such as additional readings, assignments, deadline changes, and activities, may be announced in class. These changes will take priority over the printed schedule to ensure that the goal of this class (see course objective) can be achieved by both undergraduate and graduate students. It is your responsibility to be in class and to keep up-to-date on whatever changes I make, or the class negotiates.

Thursday 01/15

Syllabus
Introduction to "How to use blackboard"
Scope of Atmospheric Radiation and textbook review
Concepts and definitions
Tuesday 01/20
Blackbody radiation
Thursday 01/22
Absorption lines
Tuesday 01/27
In-class exercises
Absorption lines (continued)
Thursday 01/29
Fundamentals of radiative transfer
Tuesday 02/03
In-class exercises
Sun as a source of radiation
Thursday 02/05
Sun as a source of radiation (continued)
solar spectrum and solar constant
Tuesday 02/10
In-class exercises
Orbital geometry
Thursday 02/12
Composition and structure of the earth's atmosphere
Tuesday 02/17
In-class exercises
Composition and structure of the earth's atmosphere (continued)
Thursday 02/19
Atmospheric absorption of solar radiation
Tuesday 02/24
In-class exercises
Absorption in the UV range
Thursday 02/26
Photochemical processes
Tuesday 03/02
In-class exercises
Absorption in the visible and near infrared range
Thursday 03/04
Absorption in the visible and near infrared range (continued)
Tuesday 03/09
In-class exercises
Molecular (Rayleigh) scattering
Thursday 03/11
MID-TERM EXAMINATION
Tuesday 03/16
Spring recess
Thursday 03/18
Spring recess
Tuesday 03/23
Discussion of mid-term examination
Rayleigh scattering (continued)
Thursday 03/25
Aerosol (Mie) scattering
Tuesday 03/30
In-class exercises
Radiative properties of clouds
Thursday 04/01
Absorption and emission of thermal radiation
Tuesday 04/06
In-class exercises
Absorption and emission of thermal radiation (continued)
Thursday 04/08
Interrelation between radiation and climate
Tuesday 04/13
In-class exercises
Interrelation between radiation and climate (continued)
Thursday 04/15
Introduction to remote sensing
Tuesday 04/20
In-class exercises
Atmospheric spectroscopy
Thursday 04/22
Atmospheric spectroscopy (continued) and spectral channels
Tuesday 04/27
In-class exercises
Radiative transfer applied to remote sensing
Thursday 04/29
Radiative transfer applied to remote sensing (continued)
Tuesday 05/04
No class
Thursday 05/06, 3:15 p.m. - 5:15 p.m.
FINAL EXAMINATION:


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